It-cleft 강조구문

It-cleft 강조 구문은 문장 성분 하나를 분리해 강조한다.

다음과 같은 문법 구조를 갖는다.

It + be + [강조 요소] + (that / who / which / when / where) + 나머지 절

• It was John who broke the window. (사람 -> who)
• It was the window that John broke. (사물 -> that)
• It was yesterday when he called me. (시간 -> when)
• It was him who called me yesterday. (사람 -> who)
• It was in Paris where they met. (장소 -> where)
• It was because he was tired that he left early. (이유)

It-celft vs 진주어 가주어 구조

It을 가주어로 받고 뒤에 that이 나오는 형태는 흔하다.

it-cleft는 그 구조와 비슷하지만 접속사들이 진주어 역할을 하지않는 형태인 강조 구문이다.

It was these quiet acts of generosity that truly stood out.

이러한 자애로운 조용한 행동들이 진실되게 두드러졌다.

여기서 that이 진주어가 아닐까? 생각할 수 있지만, that 뒤의 구가 완전한 절이 아님과 더불어 that을 지우면 문장이 온전히 성립하지 않는다. 각 구문에 따라 that은 각각 문법적 쓰임이 다르다.

• 진주어 it : that은 명사절 접속사 강조구문 : that은 강조 연결 접속사 (의미 없음)

원래의 문장으로 치환 가능

It-cleft 강조 구문은 항상 강조되지 않은 원래 구문으로 치환될 수 있다.

• It was John who broke the window. (사람 -> who)
  • John broke the window.
• It was the window that John broke. (사물 -> that)
  • John broke the window.
• It was yesterday when he called me. (시간 -> when)
  • He called me yesterday.
• It was him who called me yesterday. (사람 -> who)
  • He called me yesterday.
• It was in Paris where they met. (장소 -> where)
  • They mey in Paris.
• It was because he was tired that he left early. (이유)
  • He left early because he was tired.