Why do we kiss under mistletoe? - Carlos Reif

Video Info

• Channel: TED-Ed
• Video: Why do we kiss under mistletoe? - Carlos Reif

Vocabulary

• Mistletoe: 겨우살이
• vow: 맹세, 맹세하다
• hearing the news: 그 소식을 듣고
• dispersing: 흩어지는
• superstitious: 미신을 믿는
• keystone: 핵심 요소
• chimpunks: 줄무늬 다람쥐
• sight of: ~를 본 순간
• scurry: 달아나다, 뒷걸음질치다.
• come about: 발생하다
• intertwine: 뒤얽히다, 밀접하게 관련되다.
• intriguing: 매우 흥미로운
• captivated: 매료되다. 흥미를 느끼다
• bestow: 수여하다, 훈장하다
• fertility: 다산, 생산력
• Meanwhile: 한편, 그동안
• mystical: 신비주의의
• adoring: 흠모하는, 아주 좋아하는
• In her(Det) Farvor: 열정적이였음에도 불구하고(무언가 놓침)
• oversight: 실수, 간과
• lush: 무성한, 멋진
• foliage: 나뭇잎

Hard Sentences

In fact, the ancient Europeans were so captivated by the plant’s unusual growth habits that they included it in their legends and myths.

실제로, 고대 유럽인들은 그 식물의 독특한 성장 특징에 매료되어 그것을 그들의 전설과 신화에 포함시켰다.

상당히 긴 so that 구문이여서 귀에 잘 안들어왔다.

Frigg loved her son so much that she commanded every plant, animal and inanimate object to vow they’d never harm him.

Frigg는 그의 아들을 너무 사랑해서 모든 동식물과 사물들이 그를 절대로 해치지 못하도록 맹세시켰다.

command 라는 단어를 놓쳤고, 역시나 so that 구문이였다. vow 라는 단어도 몰랐다.

Frigg cried tears of such sadness that they formed the mistletoe’s pearly berries, making the other gods pity her and agree to resurrect Baldur.

Frigg는 너무 큰 슬픔에 눈물을 흘렸고, 그 결과 그것(눈물)이 겨우살이의 진주같은 열매를 만들었고, 다른 신 중 한명인 Pity Her가 Baldur를 부활시키는데 찬성하게 만들었다. (사역동사, 분사구문)

such + N + that + S 라는 such that용법을 몰랐고, 분사구문까지 붙었다.

She mandated a one day truce for all fights and that everyone embraced beneath its branches when they passed to spread more love into the world.

그녀는 모든 전쟁에 대하여 하루의 휴전과 그것(겨우살이)의 나뭇가지 밑을 지나가며 모든이들이 껴안도록 의무화했다. (더 많은 사랑을 세상에 퍼뜨리기 위해)

But this custom comes down to more than just human imagination.

그러나 이 관습은 인간의 상상력에 국한된건 아니다.

Birds that eat the mistletoe’s sticky white berries sometimes get rid of the gluey seeds by wiping them off onto tree bark, or with a bit of luck, they excrete the indigestible seed onto a tree where it germinates and starts to grow.

겨우살이의 딱딱하고 하얀 열매들을 먹는 새들은 때로는 끈적끈적한 씨앗을 나무껍질에 없애버리거나, 혹은 더 운이 좋다면 그들은 소화되지 않는 씨앗을 씨앗이 자라나고 커지는 나무에 배설한다.

get rid of the gluey seeds 가 잘 안들림, rid of the

With its resilience and foliage that stays lush even while the surrounding trees lose their leaves, ...

그것의 회복성과 주위를 감싸고있는 나무의 나뭇잎이 다 떨어져도 무성하게 유지되는 잎들은 ...

You might even say, that for this iconic plant, life imitates legend.

당신은 이렇게 말할수도 있다. 이 상징적인 식물에 대해서는 삶은 전설을 모방한다고.

And in our own traditions we see that happening too.

우리의 전통에서도 우리는 그러한 것들이 발생하는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

지각동사 see, hear, feel, watch, notice 라서 V + O + V-ing 가 나올 수 있다.

What have I missed?

• Misteltoe 가 뭔지 잘 모르고 영상을 보기 시작
• such that 용법
• 지각동사 용법

Full Transcript

The sight of mistletoe may either send you scurrying or if you have your eye on someone, awaiting an opportunity beneath its snow white berries.

But how did the festive Christmas tradition of kissing under mistletoe come about?

The long lived custom intertwines the mythology and biology of this intriguing plant.

There are more than 1,000 species of mistletoe which grows the world over.

In fact, the ancient Europeans were so captivated by the plant’s unusual growth habits that they included it in their legends and myths.

In ancient Rome, Pliny the Elder described how the Druid priesthood in ancient England believed that mistletoe was a plant dropped down from heaven by the gods; that explained its unlikely position amongst the high branches of certain trees.

They also believed it had powers of healing and bestowing fertility.

Meanwhile, Scandinavian legends told of the plant’s mystical qualities in the story of the god Baldur and his adoring mother, Frigg, goddess of love, marriage and fertility.

Frigg loved her son so much that she commanded every plant, animal and inanimate object to vow they’d never harm him.

In her fervor, however, she overlooked the mistletoe.

The mischievous god Loki realized this oversight, and pierced Baldur’s heart with an arrow carved from a mistletoe branch.

Frigg cried tears of such sadness that they formed the mistletoe’s pearly berries, making the other gods pity her and agree to resurrect Baldur.

Hearing the news, Frigg became so overjoyed that she transformed the mistletoe from a symbol of death into one of peace and love.

She mandated a one day truce for all fights and that everyone embraced beneath its branches when they passed to spread more love into the world.

In the 17th century, British colonists arriving in the New World found a different but very similar looking species of mistletoe.

They applied it to these tales of magic, fertility and love, spreading the mistletoe hanging tradition from Europe into America.

By the 18th century, people in Britain had turned this into a Christmas tradition.

But this custom comes down to more than just human imagination.

All of it was inspired by the plant’s intriguing biology.

We see mistletoe as a festive decoration, but draped on tree boughs in the wild, it’s known as a partly parasitic plant.

Mistletoe relies on modified roots called haustoria that penetrate the tree bark and siphon off the water and minerals trees carry up their trunks.

To colonize nearby trees with its seeds, mistletoe depends on birds and other creatures to do the dispersing.

Birds that eat the mistletoe’s sticky white berries sometimes get rid of the gluey seeds by wiping them off onto tree bark, or with a bit of luck, they excrete the indigestible seed onto a tree where it germinates and starts to grow.

With its resilience and foliage that stays lush even while the surrounding trees lose their leaves, you can see why mistletoe captivated our superstitious ancestors.

They saw these as signs of the plant’s magical qualities and fertility.

Even today, the mistletoe inspires wonder with the diversity of wildlife it supports.

More than just a parasite, it’s also known as a keystone species.

It's eaten by a diversity of animals, including deer, elk, squirrels, chipmunks, porcupines, robins, bluebirds, mourning doves, and the butterfly genus Delius.

Some mistletoe species produce dense bushes, which are excellent nesting locations for a variety of birds.

And despite their parasitic relationship with trees, mistletoes can also help other plants.

For instance, juniper sprouts near mistletoe to benefit from the visiting berry-eating birds.

Through the many benefits it provides, mistletoe influences diversity and allows ecosystems to flourish.

You might even say, that for this iconic plant, life imitates legend.

In the wild, mistletoe has the power to bring things together.

And in our own traditions we see that happening too.